Can ChatGPT get me a job?

Is it wrong to use artificial intelligence (AI) tools to try to land a job?

There is much hand-wringing over how to manage the use of generative AI tools as they become more widely available, often free, and able to do tasks ranging from writing a resume to debugging computer code to completing work and trying to pass it off as something you did on your own without any assistance.

In academic settings, it falls on institutions and instructors to be clear with students what is an acceptable use of AI in the classroom. Instructors would also be wise to give serious thought to how best to use AI as an effective teaching or class management tool. (Good guides are beginning to appear on the latter, with one written by a colleague, Dan Levy, and his co-author, Ángela Pérez Albertos: Teaching Effectively with ChatGPT: A Practical Guide to Creating Better Learning Experiences for Your Students in Less Time.)

While the hand-wringing has intensified, basic generative AI tools have been around for a while. Grammarly, for example, began in 2009, and has helped many writers correct grammar and usage in their writing. Especially when tools like Grammarly explain why it is they are suggesting certain corrections, they can help writers learn to write better.

It was only when you could start telling generative AI tools like ChatGPT to write a whole paper or take on another assignment that the wringing heated up. The resulting paper or assignment may read like a soulless, often error-plagued and clunky mash of words that needs a human touch to make it good, but more often than not it will oblige your request.

It's also true that AI tools can be useful to create or strengthen a resume or a cover letter when in search of a job. But your success at finding a job is lessened if you give over the writing of these solely to the AI tool and don’t spend time making sure the resume is accurate and that the cover letter reflects whatever passion and desire you want to use to convince someone to hire you. An AI tool is not yet capable of capturing the beliefs, knowledge or passion you carry in your head. Even if you do use AI as a starting point, it’s essential to take the time to make sure whatever you plan to send off truly reflects whatever you want to present about yourself in the strongest way possible.

Remember, even if your resume and cover letter help you get an interview for a job, it is you and not a generative AI tool who will be in the room answering the questions during the interview. You cannot and should not expect AI to answer interview questions for you. The right thing is to work on your own resume, write your own cover letter, research as much about the company interviewing you as possible, find out as much as possible about the specific job, and be the most brilliant version of yourself you can be. It wouldn’t hurt to remember to turn your phone off before the interview begins.

Jeffrey L. Seglin, author of "The Simple Art of Business Etiquette: How to Rise to the Top by Playing Nice," is a senior lecturer in public policy, emeritus, at Harvard's Kennedy School. He is also the administrator of www.jeffreyseglin.com, a blog focused on ethical issues. 

Do you have ethical questions that you need to have answered? Send them to jeffreyseglin@gmail.com. Follow him on Twitter @jseglin

(c) 2024 JEFFREY L. SEGLIN. Distributed by TRIBUNE CONTENT AGENCY, LLC.

Humor can be a funny thing

What message are companies sending by heralding customers for bad behavior?

Earlier this year, a national mattress company began running television advertisements that featured bad behavior in public being questioned with “How do you sleep at night?” The answer each time by the provocateur is that they sleep just fine on a specific type of mattress they just bought at the national chain of mattress stores.

One mattress ad features a grandson and his Nana as she regales him with stories of how she posts a photo of a much younger woman wearing a bathing suit as her photo on dating apps, claiming that she even has received gift cards from potential suitors in response.

Another mattress ad features a heavily muscled man working out at a gym getting up from the workout bench and offering the sweat-laden bench to a waiting woman without making an effort to towel off the bench.

Still another mattress ad shows a man in an aisle seat taking off his shoes and socks on an airplane and then putting his feet up on the armrest of the woman seated in front of him.

Two sporting game mascots in yet another mattress ad taunt one another at a sporting event but one proceeds to get overly physical and continues to push the other mascot until he falls and his mascot head falls off.

There are more. One involves a woman heckling a grade school basketball player much to the horror of others sitting in the gymnasium stands. She looks particularly happy at her efforts.

Presumably, the advertisements are meant to be amusing. But what’s the joke here? That the mattress chain applauds antisocial behavior as long as the miscreants are loyal customers? Or is the message that sleeping on one of the firm’s mattresses results in being comfortable acting like a jerk in public?

We’ve seen (and called out) companies in the past that have tried to use humor by pointing out customers thinking they are stealing rather than getting a good buy or belittling a family member at a fast-food joint for not being the favorite. But here in these mattress store ads, the humor seems to reside in applauding bad behavior.

Yes, I get it. They are trying to do a play on the well-worn question we ask someone who engages in questionable behavior: “How do you sleep at night?” Is the company trying to suggest that others who engage in bad behavior might toss and turn at night unless they sleep on its mattresses?

There’s long been a simplistic test for ethical behavior that suggests if you can’t sleep at night because of some action you took, that’s an indication you behaved unethically. Variations of this are the mirror test or the front-page-of-the-newspaper test where you ask yourself how you’d feel about looking at each after doing something questionable. These tests are no guarantee of behaving ethically since it’s quite likely that despots and tyrants toss and turn while altruistic philanthropists have the occasional rough night’s sleep.

If the company wanted to send the message that people sleep well at night on mattresses bought from it, then the right thing might be to do that in a way that doesn’t promote acting like a jerk. If the company wants to be funny about it, then perhaps it should hire better writers. Humor can be a funny thing.

Jeffrey L. Seglin, author of "The Simple Art of Business Etiquette: How to Rise to the Top by Playing Nice," is a senior lecturer in public policy, emeritus, at Harvard's Kennedy School. He is also the administrator of www.jeffreyseglin.com, a blog focused on ethical issues. 

Do you have ethical questions that you need to have answered? Send them to jeffreyseglin@gmail.com. Follow him on Twitter @jseglin

(c) 2024 JEFFREY L. SEGLIN. Distributed by TRIBUNE CONTENT AGENCY, LLC.

Thank your IT department in advance

Do we owe it to service providers to thank them when they try to help us in the midst of a crisis?

My students sometime rib me about responding to their emails shortly after they arrive, even if their emails arrive in the middle of the night. I joke that my goal is to try to take any excuses away that students might have to not do their work, but the reality is that I respond swiftly so I don’t forget to do so and because I often work quite late at night or obscenely early in the morning.

On July 18, around 3:30 a.m., I was working on slides to use in a talk I was scheduled to give to the members of an incoming class of students in their required summer program. I walked away from the screen for a moment to go downstairs and make a pot of coffee. When I returned, I was greeted by the dreaded BSOD (blue screen of death). I tried rebooting my computer several times with no luck, so I used my phone to send an email to my school’s IT department asking if I could bring the laptop in for a technician to look at after they opened at 7:30 a.m.

With no way to continue working on my presentation and fearing that I may have lost some material I was in the midst of creating, I turned on the television news and discovered that airports throughout the world were facing the same BSOD. It took a while to learn that the problem wasn’t unique to my relatively new computer, but had resulted from a patch that a security software company had introduced and that affected many PCs (not Macs) throughout the country.

Around 7:30 a.m., I received an email from Alex in the IT department letting me know that there wasn’t anything they could do yet, but that they were working to find a fix. Frustration ensued.

Shortly after 11 a.m., Alex emailed me to tell me they had come up with a fix if I could bring in my laptop. When I arrived to the IT help desk Alex saw me, waved me in, pulled a chair up next to his desk, and spent the next three minutes applying the fix. He had me call up some of the files I’d been working on and we discovered that nothing had been lost.

I’d lost about seven hours of time I could have been working, and I had to make an unexpected trip into the office, but when I arrived I was greeted with patience and understanding even though Alex and his team had spent the morning responding to hundreds of people facing the same issue.

Too often, the only time we deal with departments like IT is when we have a problem. Too often, our frustration spills over into impatience with them. It’s rare for us to take a moment to thank them for all they do even when we are not in crisis. I know. It’s their job do so. But it seems the right thing to extend a preemptive thanks from time to time. So this is a thanks to Alex and others in IT who seemingly invisibly keep our stuff operating so we can do our jobs. Perhaps you have an Alex worthy of thanks as well.

Jeffrey L. Seglin, author of "The Simple Art of Business Etiquette: How to Rise to the Top by Playing Nice," is a senior lecturer in public policy, emeritus, at Harvard's Kennedy School. He is also the administrator of www.jeffreyseglin.com, a blog focused on ethical issues. 

Do you have ethical questions that you need to have answered? Send them to jeffreyseglin@gmail.com. Follow him on Twitter @jseglin

(c) 2024 JEFFREY L. SEGLIN. Distributed by TRIBUNE CONTENT AGENCY, LLC.

File bad nail salon experience under lesson learned

Are you responsible if your recommendation to a friend didn’t pan out as you’d hoped?

A reader we’re calling Margarita had a friend and her 8-month-old child visiting for the weekend. The friend commented to Margarita that among other things she really looked forward to indulging herself and getting a pedicure at some point, but that she really didn’t think it was appropriate to bring her child along.

Margarita volunteered to mind her friend’s child while she got a pedicure. It was a summer holiday weekend, so finding an appointment was uncertain, but Margarita called the place she regularly goes to and likes and asked if they could fit her friend in at 11 a.m. on Saturday. The receptionist told her they were fully booked but could try to fit her in at noon. “How about 11:30?” Margarita remembered asking and the receptionist agreed they’d try to fit her friend in.

Margarita wrote that she enjoyed spending time with her friend’s baby and was thrilled she could help her friend do something relaxing for herself. She had always found the people at the nail salon to be patient, thorough and friendly. After the friend returned, however, it became clear that her friend’s experience wasn’t great.

“She said she felt rushed,” wrote Margarita and that overall the experience “wasn’t great.”

Margarita wrote that she felt terrible and responsible for her friend’s bad experience at a place she had recommended. She also wondered if she should say something to the owners of the salon about her friend’s experience.

It’s not Margarita’s fault that her friend’s experience didn’t match Margarita’s expectations. Margarita’s kindness in trying to provide her friend with a relaxing moment isn’t any less kind because the salon didn’t deliver. The kindness stands.

After the receptionist told Margarita they were fully booked but that they would try to fit her friend in, maybe she should have reconsidered. She also might not have pushed to have the appointment a half-hour earlier than when the salon said they could fit the friend in. But the responsibility to do a good job and to let Margarita know if they were so busy they couldn’t accommodate her friend fell on the salon’s managers, not on Margarita. If they knew they couldn’t fit the friend in without rushing her through, the right thing would have been to say no.

While Margarita shouldn’t feel obligated to say something to the salon operator on her next visit about her friend’s experience, there would be nothing wrong with doing so. But it’s unclear what she hopes to accomplish by doing so. Her friend, of course, can leave an online review if she wants to.

The main lesson from the experience for Margarita may be never to recommend trying to make a last-minute appointment during a holiday weekend at the nail salon. But again, the main lesson for the salon operator is not to agree to fit in a customer – even if it’s a friend of one of its regulars – if they can’t deliver on the same quality of service that caused the regular to recommend the salon in the first place.

Jeffrey L. Seglin, author of "The Simple Art of Business Etiquette: How to Rise to the Top by Playing Nice," is a senior lecturer in public policy, emeritus, at Harvard's Kennedy School. He is also the administrator of www.jeffreyseglin.com, a blog focused on ethical issues. 

Do you have ethical questions that you need to have answered? Send them to jeffreyseglin@gmail.com. Follow him on Twitter @jseglin

(c) 2024 JEFFREY L. SEGLIN. Distributed by TRIBUNE CONTENT AGENCY, LLC.

Is it OK to pay someone less for parts of the same job?

How consistent should you be in paying someone for help?

A reader from Ohio we’re calling Lira wrote that she and husband sometimes hire teenagers or adults to help them with different projects at their home, which sits on 10 acres. They pay by the hour for an agreed-upon price for projects including weeding, raking, clearing brush, or helping to split and stack wood. Since they heat their home with wood, they are often cutting up fallen trees and using the split and stacked wood during the winter.

Recently, a tornado passed near their town, knocking down several trees on their property, causing them to look for help clearing up the branches and logs. “My husband was really just looking for some local teenager to come help with the grunt work of gathering up the branches and moving them,” wrote Lira. But they spoke with one gentleman who wanted $20 an hour which was more than their budget would allow for gathering branches and logs. They were looking to pay $15 an hour. “Not a big difference, but enough for our budget concerns.”

But the man also told Lira and her husband that he had experience using a chainsaw to cut the downed trees into logs and then splitting them. For splitting and cutting wood, Lira typically budgets $20 an hour because it involves more dangerous work and needs someone with experience who knows how to be careful.

Lira would like to hire the gentleman but wonders if it would be wrong to offer to pay him $15 an hour for the job that requires less experience and knowledge, but then pay that same person $20 an hour for the other job. “This question has been bugging me for a while now,” wrote Lira, who asked for advice.

It seems perfectly reasonable for the gentleman to ask for $20 an hour to do the work. But there would be nothing wrong if Lira asked him if he was willing to do the gathering of branches and logs for $15 an hour with the understanding that he would be paid $20 an hour for chainsaw and splitting work.

Lira needs to be prepared for him to say no to anything less than $20 an hour for any of the work. She then has the option of hiring a second person at a lower rate to do the work requiring less experience and to offer to hire the $20 an hour guy for the more experienced work.

He may or may not agree to the smaller job. If he doesn’t, Lira and her husband will be left trying to find someone else to do everything. As long as Lira is prepared that her offer may be rejected, there is nothing wrong with her presenting it as a possibility.

It's not unreasonable to expect that different kinds of work might be paid at a different rate even if it’s the same person doing it. It’s up to the prospective hire to agree or disagree.

The right thing is for Lira and her husband to be clear with whomever they attempt to hire from the outset about the scope of the work and what they are willing to pay. There is absolutely nothing wrong with asking.

Jeffrey L. Seglin, author of "The Simple Art of Business Etiquette: How to Rise to the Top by Playing Nice," is a senior lecturer in public policy, emeritus, at Harvard's Kennedy School. He is also the administrator of www.jeffreyseglin.com, a blog focused on ethical issues. 

Do you have ethical questions that you need to have answered? Send them to jeffreyseglin@gmail.com. Follow him on Twitter @jseglin

 (c) 2024 JEFFREY L. SEGLIN. Distributed by TRIBUNE CONTENT AGENCY, LLC.

 

Who’s responsible to make things clear to customers?

Is it wrong that many essential things in life are too complicated to do without hiring assistance?

On several occasions over the past months, I have received comments from readers about challenges they have faced getting services or sorting out their personal lives. The issues they’ve faced have included gaining clarity on health care coverage and altering legal documents after a spouse’s death. But they also have been as simple as trying to change cable television or cell phone service.

With the simpler items – cell and cable TV service – the challenge dealt with being placed on hold for interminable amounts of time before finally being connected with a human being who was knowledgeable enough to assist.

With the more complicated items, the solutions were far more involved and have taken months to sort out. In the case of the health care coverage, it took a reader months before a representative at a hospital billing office acknowledged that the hospital had incorrectly filed insurance claims for coverage. With the legal documents, the reader was finally advised to attend an online webinar to walk him through the process of filing documents. In spite of a glimmer of hope that fixes are at hand, each is yet to be resolved.

Each reader expressed feeling both frustrated and ignorant by not being able to figure out how to get done what they were hoping to get done. The frustration was added to in each case by the organization not swiftly trying to assist when the challenges arose.

Organizations might promise customers that most of their questions or problems might be more simply resolved by using the organization’s website or a smartphone app, but too often these options result in adding another layer of confusion. Getting through to a knowledgeable human being becomes an even more distant possibility.

It’s not much solace to reassure a frustrated reader that what they are going through is not likely a result of their ignorance of anything other than what the organization has not made clear to its customers. Trying to convince a reader that many have been through similar situations and that ultimately – with a lot of time and diligence – all will get resolved also falls on weary ears.

There’s a sense among these readers that an organization’s ultimate goal is that the customer will just give up. That’s unlikely the case given that in many cases the organization stands to gain more business if their customers could just figure out how to do business with them.

If an organization has a customer advocate, that’s often a good person to ask for to assist in navigating a solution. But if organizations truly want to attract and retrain customers and to gain new business when these customers make recommendations to friends, the right thing is to put a pause on efforts to automate or create layers of red tape and to spend time figuring out how to make it as simple as possible for customers to find resolution to whatever it is they are trying to get done. They also might hire a good editor to make sure that any written instructions are worded as simply and clear as possible.

It is not unreasonable for customers to expect to be able to do business with the people with whom they have been paying to do business.

Jeffrey L. Seglin, author of "The Simple Art of Business Etiquette: How to Rise to the Top by Playing Nice," is a senior lecturer in public policy, emeritus, at Harvard's Kennedy School. He is also the administrator of www.jeffreyseglin.com, a blog focused on ethical issues. 

Do you have ethical questions that you need to have answered? Send them to jeffreyseglin@gmail.com. Follow him on Twitter @jseglin

 (c) 2024 JEFFREY L. SEGLIN. Distributed by TRIBUNE CONTENT AGENCY, LLC.

To be an engaged citizen, vote

Is it wrong not to vote in elections?

An old friend chides me for regularly encouraging people to register to vote and then to vote in local, state, and federal elections. Among the reasons he cites for not having voted since 2012, are that he’s not a fan of any of the candidates running or that his vote is unlikely to make a difference. Nevertheless, I persist in encouraging him and others to register and to vote.

My friend is not alone in choosing not to vote. In the 2020 presidential election, only 66.9 percent of eligible voters chose to vote. That was higher than the turnouts in 2016 (59.2 percent), 2012 (58 percent), and 2008 (62.5 percent). Those voters who didn’t vote in the 2020 presidential election could have made a difference in the outcome given the closeness of four states: Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, Arizona, and Georgia. Joseph Biden beat Donald Trump by fewer than 125,000 votes in those four states. Back in 2000, George W. Bush beat Albert Gore by only 537 votes in Florida, a victory that put Bush in office over Gore (with the help of a Supreme Court ruling).

My friend hasn’t voted in state or local elections since 2012 either, even though he acknowledges that elections closer to home are likely to have more of a direct impact on his day-to-day affairs. But voter turnout in state and local elections is typically far worse than in presidential elections. In my home state of Massachusetts, only 51.42 percent of registered voters showed up to vote in the 2022 midterm elections. Even closer to my home in Boston, only 18.97 percent of registered voters showed up to vote in the 2023 municipal election.

Unlike the United States, at least 21 countries make voting mandatory. In Australia, where voting is mandatory, an average of roughly 92 percent of eligible voters cast a vote, even though the fine for a first-time offender is only AU$20 (roughly $13 US) for not voting.

We don’t make voting compulsory in the United States and I’m not arguing that we should. My non-voting friend will sometimes chide me for encouraging everyone to vote even if it’s likely many will vote for someone or something he doesn’t like. But I continue to believe that as responsible citizens we should vote and accept the results of any elections even if our candidate or issue doesn’t win. (Full disclosure, in terms of party affiliation, I am registered as an “unenrolled” voter in Massachusetts, which is what my state calls non-party affiliated voters or independents.)

My non-voting friend should not be stripped of any rights (including that of complaining about his elected officials or regulations) because he doesn’t vote. Not voting is his right as a fellow citizen.

But if we truly want to have a voice in how our cities, states, or country are governed, the right thing is to register to vote and then vote in every election for which you are eligible to vote.

To get started, consider consulting BallotReady and Vote 411, a site run by the League of Women Voters. Each site includes information on national and local ballots, as it becomes available. Type in your location to get local election information and then please consider exercising your right to vote.

Jeffrey L. Seglin, author of "The Simple Art of Business Etiquette: How to Rise to the Top by Playing Nice," is a senior lecturer in public policy, emeritus, at Harvard's Kennedy School. He is also the administrator of www.jeffreyseglin.com, a blog focused on ethical issues. Do you have ethical questions that you need to have answered? Send them to jeffreyseglin@gmail.com. Follow him on Twitter @jseglin

(c) 2024 JEFFREY L. SEGLIN. Distributed by TRIBUNE CONTENT AGENCY, LLC.